chandleb



I (No Model.) J.A,.GHANDLER.

'VAPOR BURNER.

No. 515,422. Patentedreb. 27, 1894.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1,.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. A. CHANDLER.

.VAPOR BURNER.

Patented'f'eb. 27, 1894.

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[valve/Lm.

UNITED STATES PATENT Ormes.

JOHN A. CHANDLER, OF KANSAS" CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO NELLIE D. VATERS, OF SAME PLACE.

VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters :Patent No. 515,422, dated February 27, 1894.

'Application filed May 28, 1892.

To will whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. CHANDLER, of Kansas City, Jackson county, Missouri, have invented vcertain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to appliances for transzo forminginfiammableliquids into combustible vapors and for burning the same, for heating, cooking, and various other purposes.

The objects of myinvention are to produce a vapor-burner which shall be simple, strong,

durable, compact, and inexpensive in construction, and also automatic and reliable and likewise perfectly safe in its vaporizing action.

A still further object of my invention is to zo produce a vapor-burner which shall, in addition to the advantages above enumerated, possess the maximum of vaporizing area together with ccmpactness, and which shall directly vaporize the liquid fuel within its feedpipe, and also thoroughly distribute the vapers throughout the combustion-surfaces o the burner.

To the above purposes my invention consists in certain peculiar and novel features of 3o construction and arrangement, as hereinafter described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in

which- Figure l is a perspective view of a vaporburner embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap or topl piece removed. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the 4o same with its internal deflectingplate removed. Fig. 4: is a transverse vertical section of the same, on the line 4 4 Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a view similar to that of Fig. e, but showing certain modifications of construction hereinafter described. Fig. 5 is a detached perspective view of the covering-ring used in the burner shown in Fig. 5, the ringbeing viewed l toward its under side. Fig. 6 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in transverse ver- 5o tical section, of a burner having certain further modifications of construction. Fig. 6a is Serial No. 4346728. (No model.)

a detached perspective view of the coveringring used in the burner shown in Fig. 6. Figa 7 is aview similar to that of Fig. 6, but showing certain still further modifications of con- 5 5 struction. Fig. 8 is a detached plan view of a modified form of the base used in the several forms of burners shown in the preceding figures. Referring first to the construction shown 6o in Figs. l, 2, 3, and et, and also in Fig. 8, l designates the base of the burner, this base being preferably in the form of a metal casting, and of circular shape, as shown. From four oppositepoints of this base l extend radially 6 5 outward four horizontal lugs or arms 2, to which are riveted, as at 3a, or otherwise suitably attached, the lower ends of a corresponding number of obliquely upward and outward extending bracket-arms 3; the upper ends of 7o said bracket-arms being designed for attachment beneath the top-plate of a stove or other similar structure. Diametrically across this base 1 extends a straight bridge-piece or bar 4 which is preferably formed integrally with 75 said base, and which, midway of its length, is preferably formed with a boss or enlargement 5, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained.

6 designates the outer wall or casing of the 8o burner, this wall or casing being preferably of sheet-metal, and in any event of non-foraminous material. The said wall or casing n' is shown in the figures above referred to, as of comparatively short or shallow form, and S5 this is the preferred form, in this instance, since it permits the flames from thefburner to approach closely to the utensil or surface of any kind which is to be heated. In any event the said outer wall or casing 6 is preferably 9o of cylindrical form, as shown, and the upper margin 7 of the casing is preferably turned inward and downward, as shown, so as to receive the outer portion of the horizontal toppiece or cap 8 of the burner. This cap or topg 5 piece is preferably in the form of a single metal casting, and its central or body portion is preferably of annular form, as shown, so that Aits outer margin is of correspondingly circular contour. Through the center of this loo top-piece or cap 8 is formed an opening 9, the margin of which is preferably of circular form, and within this opening is located a center-piece 10 which is also preferably of disk-form; said counter-piece being of considerably less diameter than that of the opening 9, so as to leave preferably a circular space between the outer margin of the centerpiece and the inner margin of the body-portion of the cap 8. The center-piece 10 is connected integrally to the cap 8 by any suitable number of radial arms 11, as shown, and concentric to the outer margin of the body-portion of the cap8 is an external ring 12 which is integrally connected to the body-portion of the cap by any suitable number of integral radial arms, 13, as shown; the arrangement being such that an opening 14 whichis preferably of circular form intervenes between ,the outer margin of the cap 8 and the inner margin of the ring 12. This cap 8 and its center-piece 10 and ring l2, are retained in proper .position by a vertical through-bolt 15, the head 1G of which rests upon the top of the center-piece 10, and which extends downward through the center of the burner; the lower end of the bolt passing through the boss or enlargement 5 of the cross-piece 4 of the base, and .a retaining-nut 17 `being screwed upon the lower end of the bolt, as shown. A central vertical wall 18, preferably of cylindrical for-m, rests at kits lower end upon the crosspiece 4 of the base 1, and the center-piece 10 of the .cap rests upon the upper end of .this center-wall; said wall corresponding in `diameter with the center-piece 10, and said center wall being of non-foraminous material, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained.

19 designates a continuous trough or channel which is preferably of circular form, and

which is also preferably of semi-circular form incross-section, and said trough or channel is formed integrally upon the upper side of the base 1. The inner sides of the walls of this trough or channel 19 are rabbeted, as shown, to receive the lower edges or margins of two inclined foraminous walls; the inner one of said walls inclining upwardly and inwardly, and resting at its upper margin or edge beneath the outwardly turned upper edge 2l of the center wall 18, while the outer wall 20 inclines upwardly and outwardly, and rests at its upper margin beneath the inwardly turned upper edge 7 of the outerwall 6. It will thus be seen that the foraminous walls of the bu rnerform together an annular and V-shaped passage or recess, the apex of which is covered by the trough 19 above described.

Interposed between the foralninous walls and occupying the V-shaped passage or recess of the burner is an annular and V-shaped non-foraminous casing 22 the bend or apex of which lies directly above and at some distance from the trough 19. The outer portion of this non-foraminous casing extends obliquely upward and outward and its upper margin lies beneath the outer margin of the body-portion of the cap 8, while the inner portion of said casing extends obliquely upward and inward and its upper margin lies just beneath the inner margin of the bodyportion of the cap 8. This casing is supported in its described position by any number of brackets 23 each of which is of approximately inverted L-shape; the outer arms of said brackets being riveted or otherwise suitably secured t0 the inner side of the casing, near its upper margin, and the inner extremities of said brackets abutting against the outer side of the foraminous wall 20,near the upper margin thereof. It will thus be Seen that the non-foraminous casing 22 is removable, and it will also be understood, from the ensuing description, that the said non-foraminous casing 22 acts as a deflector for the products of combustion.

2-1 designates the feed-pipe of `the burner, this pipe being presumably connected in suitable manner at its outer end to a ysuitable tank or reservoir for liquid fuel. The feedpipe 25 passes laterally through the outer casing or wall 6., and `also similarly through the outer foraminous wall 20, near the upper margin of the same, and is then bent downward,

as at 25, so as to extend along the said outer foraminous wall 20. The lower portion 26 .of this feed-pipe is bent into circular shape, so ,as to conform to the shape of the trough 19, and lies a slight distance above said trough, asshown. This pipe is perforated for the escape-of the inflammable vapors, either only on its under side as shown, or else entirely throughout its body-portion, if so preferred.

Now, when the burner is to be used, a quantity of the oil or liquid fuel is first allowed to flow through the feed-pipe 24and out through the perforations 27 upon the trough 19. A lighted match, or a flame from any other suitable source is now thrust upward through the bottom of the burner,orinto thecircular opening 9 or 14, and the liquid is ignited. In a few moments the oil or liquid fuel in the downwardly extending portion 25 and in the circular portion 26 of the feed-pipe 24 will be` gin to vaporize, by reason of the heat Within the burner, and will iiow as vapor downward through the pipe and out through its perforations; the vapor being mixed with air which iows upward through the open base of the burner and through the foraminous walls 20, and beinginstantlyignited. Aftertheburner has been in operation for a moment, the vaporizing action described is continuous, and

the dames resulting from the combustion risev in two circular portionsthrough the openings 9 and 14 in the cap 8. It will be seen that the amount of surface presented bythe downwardly extending portion 25 of the feed-pipe 211 is very extensive so that a copious vaporiz/ing action occurs insaid portions 25and 26 of the feed-pipe 21. It will be further seen that the defiector-casing 22 serves to concentrate the heat within the burner and directs the fiames outward through the openings 9 and 14.

IIO

I desire it to be further understood that l vwhile I have shownanddescribedthe burner than one circular portion, if preferred.

In Figs. and 5, I have shown a burner which embodies the same essential principles vapors.

of construction and operation as those above described, and which also embodies certain modifications of construction which I will now proceed to describe. In this instance, the casing 6, the cap S, the foraminous walls 20, dedectingcasing 22, inner casing 1S, and base l are of the same general form as above described, excepting that the casing 6, foraminous walls 20, detiector 22, and casing 18 are shown as higher than before. These parts may be of such height, and are preferably so, or they may be of less height, as in Figs. l, 2, 3, and 4, if preferred. In this instance the base l is formed with. a channel or trough 2S which is preferably rectangular in cross-section and into this trough or channel is inserted a circular covering-plate 29 which is concavoconvex in cross-section, and which is, furthermore, placed with its concave side downward, as shown. At its margins, the covering ring or plate 29 is formed with a number of small recesses 30 which permit of the escape of the The feed-pipe 24 enters the upper part of the outer Wall or casing 6, and the outer foraminous wall 20, as before, and also extends obliquely downward and inward, as at 25, along the inner surface of said outer foraminous wall` 20, as before. In this instance, however, the feed-pipe terminates at the lower end of the oblique portion 25; the lower end of said oblique portion being left open, and entering an opening 3l in the corresponding portion of the covering plate or ring 29. When the burner has been ignited the oil is vaporized in the oblique portion 25 of the feed-pipe, and the vapor flows out of the open end of the pipe and fills the space within the trough or channel 2S and beneath the covering ring or plate 29, andsaid vapor flows out of the openings 3G, is mingled with air, and is ignited, so as to appear as flames which extend through the openings 9 and la in the cap S.

In Figs. 6 and 6, a burner is shown-which embodies the same essential features,and also certain further modifications of construction. In this instance, the trough 19 is used, and is of the form shown in Figs. I, 2, 3, and 4. A flat foraminous covering ring or plate 32 is here used', and the lower open end ofthe feedpipe enters the opening 31, as before. Thus an equally. capacious space is formed within the trough for the vapors.

In Figs. 7 and 8, the trough 28 is used as shown in Figs. I, 2, 3, a, and and the concavo-convex covering plate or ring 29, as shown in Fig. 5. But in this instance, the feed-pipe 24 is screwed into the outer end of a channel 33 which is formed on the under side of the base 1, and which extends radially thereof, as shown. The inner end of this channel curves upwardly and communicates with the bottom of the trough 28. lWhen the b'urner is in operation, the base I becomes heated, so that the oil is vaporized in the channel 33, and iiows into and fills the trough or channel, and escapes through the covering ring or plate 29, as before.

It is to be understood that the statements as to the modifications of the general form of the burner from circular or cylindrical, to rectangular, spiral, oval, dre., made with ret'- erence to the structure shown in Figs. I, 23,

and 4, are applicable also tothe structures shown in Figs. 5, 5a, 6, 6, and 7 and 8, and that in any event the burner is simple, strong, durable and compact in construction, and ee'ctive, automatic and perfectly safe in its operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A vapor-burner, comprising a base, au annular casing supported upon said base, and an annular inner casing also supported upon said base, and an annular trough upon said base and interposed between the inner and outer casings, annular foraminous walls rising divergently upward from the outer and inner margins of the trough, an oil supply pipe passing through the outer wall and communicating with the trough, and an annular dedector comprising upwardly diverging walls located between the foraminous walls and above the trough, substantially as set forth.

2. A vapor-burner, comprising a base, having a trough formed in its upper side, an annular vertical casing resting upon said base and surrounding the trough, an inner vertical casing surrounded bythe trough and also resting upon the base, a pair of foraminous walls diverging upwardly from the inner and outer margins of the trough, and an annular deiiector arranged between the foraminous Walls and abovevthe trough, and a top-plate placed upon the upper ends of the inner and outer casings, and an oil-pipe communicating with the trough, substantially as set forth.

3. A vapor-burner, comprising a base having a trough or channel in its upper side, a vertical casing surrounding said trough or channel and an inner vertical casing surrounded by said trough or channel, a pair of foraminous and annular walls diverging upward from opposite sides of said trough to the inner and outer casings, an annular delector comprising upwardly diverging walls interposed between the divergent foraminous Walls and above the trough, and a top-plate secured upon the upper ends of the inner and outer casings and having openings registering with the spacesbetween the foraminous walls and the annular deiiector, substantially as set forth.

IOO

4. AVapOr-burner,comprisinga base,inner Walls and above the trough, and an oil-pipe and outer annular oasings resting upon said passing 'through the outer easing and through base, an annular trough formed in the upper the annulus or ring and communicating with side of they basey and between the inner and the trough, substantially as set forth. I5 5 outer casings, and an` annulus or ring resting In testimony whereof I afx my signature in rupon the base and over the triugh and havthe presenoe of two Witnesses. ing notches or recesses inl its e ges communi- A eating with said trough, annular foraminous JOHN A' CHANDLER" f Walls rising divergently from the inner and l Vitnesses: 1o outer margins of the trough, and an annular I-IARRIET E. PRICE,

yleector arranged between said foraminous f JNO. L. OONDRON. 

